A Summary of Bone Tissues

The video discusses the structure and functions of the human skeleton and bone tissues. It explains that the skeleton gives the body shape, supports internal systems, and facilitates movement as part of the musculoskeletal system. Bone structure is designed to be strong yet lightweight, with the interior composed of bone marrow, surrounded by two main types of bone tissue: cortical bone (hard outer shell) and trabecular bone (spongy interior). The amount of each tissue type depends on the bone's function.

Cortical bone's basic unit, the osteon, consists of concentric lamellae that resist bending, housing osteocytes, which maintain bone health. The osteon’s Haversian canal contains blood vessels and nerves, enabling exchange between osteocytes and blood. Trabecular bone, found inside some bones, resists compression and also contains osteocytes, which sense strain changes.

Trabeculae, the structural elements of trabecular bone, are covered by flat lining cells involved in bone formation and breakdown. Bone marrow, housed within bones, is supported by trabeculae and a vascular network that supplies nutrition, removes waste, and facilitates hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells.